Quality poster
Updated · Free to print and share
8D problem solving poster
8D (eight disciplines) is a structured method for solving a problem so that it does not come back, often used for customer complaints and supplier issues. It came from Ford in the late 1980s; many versions add a D0 for planning. This poster lays out D0 to D8 as a grid: plan, form the team, describe the problem, contain it, find the root cause, choose and verify actions, implement and validate them, prevent recurrence and recognize the team.
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The words on the poster
8D problem solving
Eight disciplines to solve a problem so it stays solved.
- D0: Plan Is 8D the right tool? Any emergency action now?
- D1: Form the team People who know the product and process.
- D2: Describe the problem What, where, when, how many. Is and is not.
- D3: Contain it Protect the customer now: sort, hold, replace.
- D4: Find the root cause Why it happened, and why it escaped.
- D5: Choose actions Pick permanent fixes and prove they work.
- D6: Implement and validate Put them in place. Check the results.
- D7: Prevent recurrence Update standards, FMEA and control plans. Share.
- D8: Recognize the team Close it out and thank everyone.
- Contain first. D3 protects the customer while D4 to D7 fix the cause.
On the floor
How to use it
- 1
Put it in the quality office or by the quality board, where 8D reports are reviewed.
- 2
Mark each open 8D with a magnet or sticky note on the step it has reached.
- 3
Use D3 as the reminder that containment comes before root cause work.
- 4
Pair it with the free 8D report template.
Which size to print
- 24 x 36 in or A2: a main wall or team board, read from a few metres away.
- 18 x 24 in or A3: a station or notice board. The A3 file also fits 11 x 17 in paper.
- Letter or A4: a clipboard, binder or handout, on any office printer.
Every PDF is vector, so it stays sharp at full size. Nothing runs to the edge of the page, so no bleed is needed.
Sources and notes
- 8D was developed at Ford and published in its team oriented problem solving manual in the late 1980s. D0 (plan) was added in later versions.
Templates, decks and guides to go with it
- Root cause analysis training presentation: 5 whys and fishboneFree training deck: Define, contain, the 5 whys, the fishbone diagram and verifying the cause, in 18 slides with a team activity.
- 8D report templateD0 to D8 on three pages: team, is/is not, containment, occurrence and escape causes, actions and closure.
- Supplier corrective action request (SCAR) formA SCAR from the problem and containment asked for to the supplier's 8D-style response, verification and closure.
- Corrective action request (CAPA) formProblem, containment, root cause, corrective and preventive action, and proof the fix worked, on two pages.
- Is / is not analysis templateWhat, where, when and extent with is, is not, distinctions and changes, then each possible cause tested against every pair and ranked.
- Topic: Root cause analysis and problem solvingEvery guide we have on the subject, sorted.
- Topic: Quality managementEvery guide we have on the subject, sorted.
A poster reminds. A routine makes it stick.
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