Free template
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SMED changeover worksheet
A SMED changeover worksheet is the form you use to break one changeover into its steps, time each one and mark it internal (only possible with the machine stopped) or external (possible while it runs). This one adds a column for whether each internal step could move to external, one for the improvement idea, and before and after totals, so you can see how much shorter the changeover could be. Changeover time is the internal total, measured from the last good part of one run to the first good part of the next.
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Header fields for machine, change from and to, date and observer, and a numbered step table with time, internal or external, move to external, improvement idea and after columns.Step list with timesInternal / externalMove to external?Improvement ideasBefore and after totals
When to use it
When to use a SMED worksheet
- Before a SMED workshop, to record today's changeover as the baseline.
- On the bottleneck machine, or any machine where long changeovers force large batches.
- After improvements, to compare the new changeover with the old one and write the new standard.
How to fill it in
- 1
Fill in the header
The machine or line, the product you are changing from and to, the date and the observer. - 2
Observe or film one changeover
Time it from the last good part of the old run to the first good part of the new one. Filming makes it much easier to split into steps afterwards. - 3
List every step with its time
Write the steps in order with their time in minutes. Include walking, searching and waiting: they are steps too. - 4
Mark each step internal or external
I if the machine must be stopped, E if it could be done while it runs, based on what happens today. - 5
Ask whether each internal step can move
Could it be done before the stop or after the restart? Mark Y or N in the move to external column. - 6
Write an improvement idea
For each step you can move, shorten or remove: prepare tools and material in advance, preset settings, use quick-release clamps, standardize heights. - 7
Fill in the after columns and compare
Enter the new classification and expected time. The Excel version defaults moved steps to external, adds up internal and external time before and after, and shows the time saved.
How SMED works
The five steps, drawn on one changeover
The worksheet follows the method step by step: film the changeover, label every activity, move the external work out of the stop, shorten what is left, then validate and standardize. The timeline under each step shows what that step does to the stop.
How to perform SMED
Example numbersStep 1: Film the changeover
From the last good part of the old product to the first good part of the new one.
The machine stops for 18 blocks; the activities inside the stop are not yet sorted.
Step 2: Label every activity
I needs the machine stopped. E could be done while it runs. U adds nothing.
The machine stops for 18 blocks: 9 internal, 6 external, 3 unnecessary.
Step 3: Move external work before the stop
Do it while the old product still runs. Strike out the unnecessary.
The machine stops for 9 blocks: 9 internal. 6 blocks of external work run before the stop, while the machine is still producing. 3 blocks of unnecessary work are removed.
Step 4: Shorten what is left
Internal work first: quick clamps, presets, two people to a written split.
The machine stops for 6 blocks: 6 internal. 4 blocks of external work run before the stop, while the machine is still producing.
Step 5: Validate, standardize, expand
Check against the baseline, weigh benefit against cost, write the standard, take it to the next machine.
Machine-down time at each stage. Baseline: machine down 18 blocks, running alongside 0; After step 3: machine down 9 blocks, running alongside 6; After step 4: machine down 6 blocks, running alongside 4; Standard: machine down 6 blocks, running alongside 4.
- Production
- Internal: machine stopped
- External: machine can run
- Unnecessary
- Removed
- Blocks are illustrative units, not minutes.
Five steps with the same changeover timeline at each stage. The machine-stopped window is 18 blocks at the baseline, 9 after the external work moves out and the unnecessary is removed, 6 after the remaining activities are shortened, and 6 held as the standard.
A filled-in example
Illustrative, not a benchmarkA press changeover with 90 minutes of internal work and 20 minutes of external work.
The example changeover, before and after SMED
BeforeInternal (press stopped): 90 min · External (press running): 20 min
AfterInternal (press stopped): 52 min · External (press running): 50 min
- Convert: 30 minutes moved from internal to external (fetch the next die, find the clamps, preheat, first-off paperwork).
- Streamline: quick-release clamps, die fixing from 12 to 4 minutes, 8 minutes less.
- Changeover time: 90 − 30 − 8 = 52 minutes.
Before: 90 minutes of internal work with the press stopped and 20 minutes of external work. After moving 30 minutes to external and cutting die fixing by 8 minutes: 52 internal and 50 external.
- Six internal steps, 30 minutes in all, could move to external: fetching the next die, finding clamps, preheating and preparing first-off paperwork.
- A quick-release clamp idea could cut die fixing from 12 minutes to 4.
- After: internal time 90 − 30 − 8 = 52 minutes, external time 20 + 30 = 50 minutes.
The changeover drops from 90 to 52 minutes, 42% shorter. To turn the minutes saved into capacity or smaller batches, use the SMED changeover calculator.
Common mistakes
Timing from memory or the schedule
Observe or film a real changeover. Estimates miss the waiting and searching.
Leaving out walking, searching and waiting
They are often the easiest minutes to remove.
Marking steps as they should be
Record what happens today in the first columns. The after columns are for what should happen.
Buying hardware before moving work
Move internal work to external first. It usually costs little compared with new tooling.
Not writing down the new sequence
Without a standard, the next shift goes back to the old way.
From this worksheet to a running system
LeanSuite does this worksheet's job from one video: the AI sorts the changeover into internal and external tasks.
- Film the changeover on a phone, from the last good part to the first good part.
- The AI tags each task internal or external and flags tasks that can run in parallel.
- The proposed shorter sequence becomes the changeover checklist operators run at the line.
Download the template
Free to use: print it, copy it and edit it for your team. Enter your name and work email once to download.
Run this template in LeanSuite
LeanSuite watches a video of your changeover, separates internal and external tasks, and recommends a leaner sequence with the projected time saved.
See it in a 45-minute demoIn the lean glossary
Guides
Train the team
Put it on the wall
FAQ
SMED changeover worksheet: common questions
Internal work can only be done with the machine stopped, such as removing one die and fitting the next. External work can be done while the machine is still running, such as fetching tools, staging material or preheating the next die. SMED moves as much work as possible from internal to external.
From the last good part of one product to the first good part of the next, so adjustments and trial runs count. Only internal work adds to the changeover time; external work done while the machine runs does not.
Start with one representative changeover on the machine where changeover time costs the most. Once you have a new standard, time a few more changeovers on different shifts to check that everyone follows it.
Single-minute exchange of die. Single-minute refers to the goal of a changeover that takes a single-digit number of minutes, under ten. It is a direction to work toward: any internal minutes removed free up machine time.
Print the PDF to take to the machine on a clipboard while you observe. Type the results into the Excel version afterwards: it adds up the internal and external time before and after and works out the time saved.
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- Supplier scorecardMonthly PPM, on-time delivery and SCAR measures turned into points, a weighted score and a rating per supplier.
- Receiving logA dock receiving log with quantities, damage, QC holds and putaway, plus a discrepancy report and dock-to-stock time.
- Warehouse safety inspection checklistThirty warehouse safety checks from aisles to fire exits, marked OK or Not OK, with an action for every finding.
- Pallet racking inspection checklistRack checks per aisle with a green, amber and red damage rating, and a damage log with repair dates.
- Pre-shipment inspection checklistThe last check before shipping: part, quantity, labels, packaging, paperwork and photos, then release.
- Material shortage logEvery part short with its need date, line impact, ETA and escalation, and counts by reason and supplier.
- Safety audit checklistThirty-four plant-wide safety checks answered Yes, No or N/A, scored by area, with a risk rating and an action for every No.
- Ergonomic risk assessment checklistScreen a task for 21 ergonomic risk factors, score how long each lasts, and rank tasks so the worst get controls first.
- Kaizen event trackerEvery kaizen event on one sheet: status, roles, the metric against target, open actions and the 30, 60 and 90 day checks.
- Standard work audit checklist24 checks of a job against its written standard, ten timed cycles, and each gap sorted by cause before anyone acts.
- Defect check sheetTally defects by type and day, with units inspected, defect rates, a location sheet and the week's Pareto.
- TWI job breakdown sheetThe TWI Job Instruction breakdown of a job into important steps, key points and reasons, with a worked example and the four steps.
- Waste walk checklist (TIMWOODS)32 things to look for across the eight wastes, with where and how much, and a findings log with dot votes, owners and dates.
- DMAIC project charter templateThe Define-phase charter on one page: problem and goal, metrics, scope, team and phase dates, with savings and a tollgate checklist.
- Cost deployment matrixWCM cost deployment on paper and in Excel: loss quantities by process, causal and resultant losses, the cost of each loss, a Pareto and the projects that recover them.
- QA matrix templateDefect modes against stations in flow order: where each is made and first caught, a weight × occurrence × detection score, an AA to C class and the escapes flagged.
- Is / is not analysis templateWhat, where, when and extent with is, is not, distinctions and changes, then each possible cause tested against every pair and ranked.
- 5G investigation sheetConfirm the facts before naming a cause: 5W1H, the five G's with 20 prompts, the gap against the principle and the standard, and the countermeasures.
- Yokoten tracker (horizontal deployment)Copy a proven improvement line by line: the source result, each candidate's own before and after, its share of the source's improvement and the standard updated.
- Coaching kata template (improvement kata storyboard)The learner's storyboard (target condition, current condition, obstacles, PDCA cycles) and a fold-over card with the coach's five questions.
- Lean readiness assessment templateTwenty statements in four factors, scored 1 to 5 by several people on their own, with averages, the spread between them and the actions.
- Nemawashi template (stakeholder plan)Plan the one-to-one conversations before a decision: who to talk to in what order, their concerns, what changed and where they stand.
- Kaizen project plan (Gantt chart)One improvement project as a Gantt chart: tasks by phase with owners, predecessors and working days, a 16-week grid, milestones and a status from planned against actual % done.
- Histogram templateReadings, bins set by the square root rule, a tally and counts, the spec limits drawn and the share out of spec, with the common shapes explained.
- Scatter diagram templateUp to 50 pairs with a group code, r and R², the least squares line, the quadrant count and r for each group.
- Gauge calibration logA gauge register with next due dates and status, a calibration record with as-found and as-left readings, and the steps when a gauge fails.
- Visual management audit checklist29 checks of whether anyone can tell normal from abnormal at a glance, scored by group, with a trend and actions.
- Quality alert formA quality alert to post at the line, a sign-off sheet for every shift, and a log of open, expired and closed alerts.
- TQM self-assessment templateThe eight TQM principles in 24 statements you can check on the floor, scored 0 to 4 by several people, with the spread, the top 3 gaps and an action plan.
- Employee recognition program templateDesign a recognition program on one page, then run it: points per action, prizes, budget, a points ledger, a monthly leaderboard and a fairness check by team and shift.
- Continuous improvement software evaluation scorecardCompare CI software vendors: a must-have gate, eight weighted criteria scored 1 to 5, points out of 100 and a rank, with a demo script and reference questions.
- Employee engagement survey templateA short anonymous pulse survey for shop floor staff: 14 statements in six drivers, two open questions, results by driver and team, and the actions.
- Hansei reflection sheet (lessons learned)A written look back at one finished project, event or launch: goals against results in numbers, causes rather than blame, lessons to keep or change, and where else they apply.
- Safety cross calendarA month drawn as the green cross, colored each day by the most serious safety event, with totals and days since the last injury.
- Daily kaizen routine boardA team's 10 to 15 minute daily routine at the board: one problem from each person, small fixes with one owner, counted every week.
- Quality circle meeting recordA circle's charter, a one-page record for each meeting and a problem register that follows every problem from selected to closed or escalated.
- Process capacity sheet templateEach machine in a part's routing with manual, auto and tool change time, its capacity per shift, and the step that limits the cell against demand.
- Team charter templateA one-page charter for a standing team: purpose, scope, roles, the KPIs it owns, which decisions it makes itself, norms and cadence.
- Standard operating procedure (SOP) templateA full SOP in the hierarchical step format, from purpose and scope to the steps, records, revision history and approvals, with review checks and an SOP register.
- Process improvement method selectorEight questions about one problem, an example rule that suggests a method and a matrix of nine methods: when each fits, the usual team and time, and the template to start with.
- X-bar and R control chart template25 subgroups with means and ranges, control limits from A2, D3 and D4, signal flags, both charts and a reaction log.
- Gage R&R study sheet10 parts, 2 or 3 appraisers, 2 or 3 trials: EV, AV, GRR, PV, %GRR and ndc by the average and range method.
- Root cause analysis templateOne report from problem statement to proof: containment, evidence, analysis, verified causes, actions and the effectiveness check.
- Safety pillar 90-day model area planThirteen weeks from the incident pyramid to safety standards on one model area, a KPI board, the day-90 gate and expansion waves.
- Quality control pillar 90-day model area planThirteen weeks from the QA matrix to the QM matrix on one model area, a KPI board, the day-90 gate and expansion waves.
- Environment and energy pillar 90-day model area planThirteen weeks from waste and energy maps to area standards on one model area, a KPI board, the day-90 gate and expansion waves.
- Focused improvement 90-day model area planThirteen weeks from the loss Pareto to standardized fixes on one model line, a KPI board, the day-90 gate and expansion waves.
- People development pillar 90-day model area planThirteen weeks from the skills matrix to trained cover on critical tasks in one model area, a KPI board, the day-90 gate and expansion waves.
- Cost deployment pillar 90-day model area planThirteen weeks from the loss map to costed, ranked projects in one model area, a KPI board, the day-90 gate and expansion waves.
- Prioritization matrix templateScore up to 20 improvement ideas on weighted criteria, rank them, test the ranking with equal weights and place each one on an effort and benefit grid.
- Cost per unit worksheet (manufacturing cost per good unit)One product's cost per good unit by materials, labor, machine and overhead, the gap to target, and which cost lever is worth most a year.
- Error-proofing verification log (daily master-sample check)Each poka-yoke device proved every day or week with a known-bad sample, with missed checks counted and the hours and parts at risk worked out when one fails.
- Training matrix template with expiry datesPeople by required trainings with expiry dates, OK, due, expired and missing flags, compliance by person and area, cover per training and a renewal list.
- Defect catalogue template with boundary samplesEvery defect with a definition, a class and the reason for it, measured accept and reject limits by zone, boundary samples, a defect log with DPU and Pareto, and an inspector agreement check.
- I-MR chart template (individuals and moving range)Up to 100 single readings with moving ranges, limits from a baseline, five run-rule flags, both charts, a second phase and a reaction log.
- Kaizen event preparation checklistEverything that has to be ready before a kaizen event and done after it: 44 items with owners and due dates from 6 weeks before day 1 to 30 days after, five go or no-go gates and a day-by-day agenda.
- Attribute control chart template (p, np, c and u charts)p, np, c and u charts in one workbook: a chart selector, a sample size check, limits for each subgroup, signal flags and four worked examples.
- HACCP plan template: hazard analysis and CCP worksheetThe Codex 12 steps in one workbook: team and product, process steps checked on site, hazard analysis with the CCP decision tree, the CCP table with completeness checks, an allergen matrix and a verification schedule.
- Forklift operator training and evaluation recordPer-operator training and evaluation record, a register with three-year due dates and refresher triggers, and a weighted practical evaluation scoresheet.
- REBA worksheet (Rapid Entire Body Assessment)Score up to six postures with REBA: body-part drop-downs, Tables A, B and C as lookups, final score and action level, and a before and after comparison.
- Mock recall template: traceability exercise worksheetTrace a finished lot back to every input lot and forward to every first customer, reconcile the quantities against a tolerance and time it against your target.
- ISO 9001 internal audit checklist (production area)46 audit questions for the production floor in 11 processes, each with its ISO 9001:2015 clause, what evidence to look for and the sample to take, plus five defined grades, a findings log, a finding report and a summary by clause.
- ISO 45001 internal audit checklist44 audit questions for the plant floor in 16 safety topics, each with its ISO 45001:2018 clause, the evidence to look for and the sample to take, plus 12 worker interview prompts, a findings log and a summary by clause.
- Food plant GMP inspection checklist (21 CFR 117 subpart B)55 checks in the order of 21 CFR 117 subpart B, each citing its paragraph and saying what to look at, with a grade, finding, owner and due date; results by section and grade, a walk route and a bakery example.
- Master sanitation schedule with pre-op verificationA master list of cleaning tasks by area and equipment with frequency, chemical, lockout, who and next due date, a weekly on-time count, and the pre-operational verification log with a release step.
- Measurement uncertainty budget templateA GUM uncertainty budget: Type A and B rows, divisors by distribution, sensitivity coefficients, uc, νeff, k from the t-table, U, TUR and a guard band check.
- Video time study filming checklistA pre-shoot checklist and shot log for filming a time study on video: camera, light, people, settings, power and review.
- OSHA compliance calendar (general industry)37 recurring federal OSHA duties with the paragraph, interval, owner, next due date and an overdue flag, plus a 12-month view and counts by owner.
- Energy use and EnPI trackerMonthly electricity, gas and fuel in one unit, a 12-month regression baseline, expected against actual energy for each month, an EnPI ratio, the running saving and the tests that say whether the model can be trusted.
- Pugh matrix templateCompare up to 8 concepts with a datum as better, same or worse on up to 12 criteria, flag must-haves, and carry the strongest into a second round.
- Machine guarding inspection sheetA machine register with due dates and a status per machine, 21 checks tied to OSHA 1910.212, .219 and .147, a guard opening check against Table O-10, and an action log.
- Quad chart templateA project on one page in four boxes: idea and owner, problem, approach, and cost, schedule and result.
- Toolbox talk topics (52 weekly topics)52 weekly toolbox talk topics, each with a one-line key message and a discussion question, and a tracker for the year.
- Defect detection matrix templateMap where each defect is created and where it is found, score the gap and move the check closer to the cause.
- Project savings validation checklistThe gate between a project's claim and a reported saving: 20 checks, a claims register and a six-month sustainment check.
- Life cycle cost analysis templateCompare up to three machines over ten years: price, energy, upkeep, failures and down time, discounted to present value.
- Emergency action plan templateA written emergency plan for a plant: site facts, roles and backups, warden coverage, scenario steps and a drill record.
- Preliminary hazard analysis (PHA) worksheetFind and score the hazards of a new line, machine or process before design is fixed, then choose controls and re-score.
- Risk register templateOne scored list of operational risks with owners, actions and dates, a heat map and a review log.
- Energy loss matrix templateSeven types of energy loss by six energy sources with a cost in each cell, an action plan and an idle-period shutdown checklist.
- Management safety tour formA leader's scheduled safety walk: observation form, operator interview, tally, actions, rota and a tour log with a dashboard.
- Hazard prediction worksheetA pre-task worksheet: score what could go wrong at each step of a job, add a countermeasure and score again.
- Chemical inventory and SDS register templateA register of every chemical on site with its hazard class, safety data sheet and label, and a check that incompatible products are kept apart.
- Safety committee meeting minutes templateMinutes for a safety committee: attendance, nine agenda items, an action log that carries open actions forward, and monthly numbers.
- Environmental compliance audit checklistAn internal environmental audit: 37 questions with what to look for, a findings log with classes and a score by section.
- APQP checklistThe five APQP phases as a checklist: deliverables, owners, due dates, gate reviews and an issues list.
- Out-of-control action plan (OCAP) templateA reaction plan for a control chart: the steps, what each signal means, who to call and a log of events.
- Quality inspection checklistAn in-process and final inspection record: measured characteristics, visual checks, a decision and first pass yield.
- AQL sampling plan templatePick a sample size, read accept and reject numbers, record the defects and decide on the lot.
- MSA study workbookBias, linearity and stability study sheets for a gauge, with the arithmetic done and a guide to which study when.
- Incoming quality control stage sheetA register that shows how much control each purchased part has and plans the move from your dock to the supplier's process.
- Internal audit schedule templateA year of internal audits planned by risk: the programme, the register, the auditors and the findings.
- Approved supplier list templateThe list of suppliers you may buy from, with the evidence behind each, certificate expiry alerts and re-evaluation dates.
- Pest control inspection checklistA pest control walk-round for a food plant, with a log of traps and stations and action levels for each type of device.
- Vehicle inspection checklist53 checks for a truck, tractor or trailer, each tied to the federal rule it comes from, with a defect log.
- Pre-trip inspection checklistA driver's 42-check walk-round in order, with the driver vehicle inspection report for the end of the day.
- Cleanroom audit checklist33 cleanroom checks split by how often they run (each shift, weekly, per plan, system), a gowning order to watch against, a differential pressure log and a findings log, with a worked week of readings.
- GMP audit checklist for drug manufacturing42 self-inspection checks ordered by the subparts of 21 CFR 211, each with its section, the matching EU GMP chapter and whether it is seen on the floor or in records, graded critical, major or minor, with a worked audit of a packaging line.
- Line clearance checklist28 line clearance checks in six sections (area, equipment, materials, printed materials, documents, coder and vision settings), cleared by the operator and verified by a second person, with a printed-materials reconciliation and a worked example that does not balance.
- ISO 13485 internal audit checklist38 questions on ISO 13485 clauses 4 to 8, each with the FDA QMSR section that brings it in or adds to it, a production floor tab (records, current instructions, training, nonconforming product, CAPA) and a worked audit of a catheter line.
- ISO 22716 GMP audit checklist for cosmetics25 cosmetic GMP checks following the sections of ISO 22716, split into a floor walk (people, premises, equipment, materials, production) and system checks (lab, out of specification, deviations, complaints, change control, audits, documents), with a worked audit of a filling line.
- SSOP template: sanitation standard operating procedureOne sanitation SOP sheet per area or machine (steps, chemical, contact time, PPE, lockout, owner), a 23-check pre-op inspection and a verification log for visual, ATP and micro checks.
- SQF internal audit checklist for food manufacturing54 questions in the two parts of the SQF manufacturing code (system elements and GMP), each group mapped to BRCGS and FSSC 22000, graded Conforms to Critical, with findings, a score and a yearly plan.
- Injection molding defects chart16 molding defects with causes by machine, material, mold and method, first checks, and an Excel defect log with a Pareto.
- ESD audit checklist29 checks for an ESD protected area, with daily tests split from periodic verification, a measurement log and a worked audit.
- Management of change formA change request and review form for a plant: what changes, the hazard review, approvals, pre-startup review, training and close-out.
- Silica exposure control plan templateA written silica plan for general industry: tasks, controls and housekeeping, plus monitoring, medical surveillance, training and a 31-check plan audit.
- Goods received note templateA one-page goods received note and an Excel register with accepted to date, still to come and an invoice check for each PO line.
- Lessons learned templateA one-page lessons log, a 45 minute session guide and an Excel register that shows which actions are done, open or overdue.
- Packing list templateA one-page packing list with a pack checklist, and an Excel file that works out volume, shipped to date and back order.
- Sign-in sheet templateA training and meeting sign-in sheet, a visitor sign-in and out sheet, and an Excel register of attendance and visitors on site.
- Purchase order templateA one-page purchase order and an Excel version that adds up the lines, checks the approval limit and tracks what is still to come.
- Part submission warrant (PSW) templateA PSW working form plus twelve checks before anyone signs, and an Excel that works out whether the warrant is ready.
- Ballooned drawing and dimensional results templateA ballooning guide and a results sheet for six parts per characteristic, with OK, NEAR LIMIT or NOT OK worked out for each row.
- Attribute agreement analysis templateA 30-part, three-appraiser study sheet for pass or fail decisions, with kappa, effectiveness, miss rate and false alarm rate in Excel.
- DVP&R template (design verification plan and report)A design verification plan and report on one sheet: tests, criteria, owners and dates, with status worked out as of a date.
- Special characteristics matrix templateOne row per special characteristic, followed from drawing to PFMEA, control plan, gauge study and capability, with the first gap named.
- Work instruction templateA one-page work instruction with key points and step times, and an Excel training record that flags re-checks.
- Fire drill report templateA report for each fire or mock drill: a timeline from the alarm, the head count, an observer checklist, actions and a yearly log.
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A shift handover sheet, a red tag log, a changeover checklist for one machine: if your team uses it on the floor, ask.