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REBA worksheet (Rapid Entire Body Assessment)
REBA, the Rapid Entire Body Assessment, scores the risk of one working posture from 1 to 15. You score the trunk, neck and legs and add the load, score the upper arm, lower arm and wrist and add the hand coupling, combine the two through Tables A, B and C, add an activity score, and read one of five action levels, from negligible to very high, action now. The method is Sue Hignett and Lynn McAtamney's, published in Applied Ergonomics in 2000. This template's PDF has angle diagrams for each body part, the three tables and a paper record; the Excel scores up to six postures side by side from drop-downs, does every table lookup, names any missing input, and compares a posture before and after a change. REBA is a screening tool for postures, not a diagnosis: use it on the postures a screening checklist flags.
Free to use: print it, copy it and edit it for your team. Enter your name and work email once to download.
Six cards with angle band diagrams and tick boxes for trunk, neck, legs, upper arm, lower arm and wrist, load and coupling choices, and score boxes for Table A, score A, Table B, score B, Table C, activity and the REBA score.When to use it
When to use a REBA worksheet
- When the ergonomic risk assessment checklist flags awkward postures on a task and you need a number to rank them and track the fix.
- Before and after a workstation change, to show that the change took the worst posture down an action level.
- When people report back, neck or shoulder pain on a job that mixes bending, reaching and handling loads.
- On a new station or line layout, scoring the planned postures from a mock-up or a video of the trial build.
How to fill it in
- 1
Watch the task and pick the postures
Watch several cycles, on more than one person if you can, and film from the side and the front. Score the postures held longest, repeated most, or furthest from neutral, one column each.
- 2
Measure the angles from a still frame
Trunk and neck flexion or extension, knee bend, upper arm, elbow and wrist angles, against the neutral position. Pick the band in each drop-down. On a band edge, exactly 20 degrees for example, use the lower band.
- 3
Add the adjustments
Yes for a twisted or side-bent trunk or neck, an abducted or rotated arm, a raised shoulder, a bent or twisted wrist, or a shock load. Yes for an arm that is supported or hangs with gravity: it takes 1 off the upper arm score, never below 1.
- 4
Choose the load and the coupling
Load or force: under 5 kg, 5 to 10 kg, or over 10 kg. Coupling: good, fair, poor or unacceptable, from the hand hold. Score the arm and wrist on the side under more load, or score both sides in two columns.
- 5
Mark the activity
One point each if a body part is held still over a minute, small actions repeat more than 4 times a minute, or the posture changes fast and wide or the base is unstable. The sheet then reads Tables A, B and C and gives the score and action level.
- 6
Change the job, then score it again
Look at which body part drives score A or score B, change the workstation there first, and score the same step after the change on the Before and after sheet.
Action levels
What each REBA score means
The five action levels of Hignett and McAtamney (2000), as the Ergonautas guide, the Cornell University REBA slides and the Ergonomics Plus worksheet print them. Action includes further assessment.
| REBA score | Action level | Risk level | Action |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 0 | Negligible | None necessary |
| 2 to 3 | 1 | Low | May be necessary |
| 4 to 7 | 2 | Medium | Necessary |
| 8 to 10 | 3 | High | Necessary soon |
| 11 to 15 | 4 | Very high | Necessary now |
1
- Action level
- 0
- Risk level
- Negligible
- Action
- None necessary
2 to 3
- Action level
- 1
- Risk level
- Low
- Action
- May be necessary
4 to 7
- Action level
- 2
- Risk level
- Medium
- Action
- Necessary
8 to 10
- Action level
- 3
- Risk level
- High
- Action
- Necessary soon
11 to 15
- Action level
- 4
- Risk level
- Very high
- Action
- Necessary now
A filled-in example
Illustrative, not a benchmarkAn example: case packing at the end of a filling line, with 12 kg cases moved from a conveyor onto a pallet on the floor, right side scored from phone video (illustrative).
The example's worst step, scored through the three tables
REBA = Table C (score A, score B) + activity
Score A = Table A (trunk, neck, legs) + load. Score B = Table B (upper arm, lower arm, wrist) + coupling.
- Score A =Table A (trunk 5, neck 2, legs 2) = 7, plus 2 for the load= 9
- Score B =Table B (upper arm 3, lower arm 2, wrist 2) = 5, plus 1 for a fair hand hold= 6
- REBA =Table C (9, 6) = 10, plus 1 for the rapid, wide change of posture= 11
Very high, action level 411
REBA score, placing a case on the bottom layer
- Before
- 11 (very high)
- With lift
- 4 (medium)
Placing a 12 kg case on the bottom pallet layer. Table A for trunk 5, neck 2 and legs 2 gives 7, plus 2 for the load: score A 9. Table B for upper arm 3, lower arm 2 and wrist 2 gives 5, plus 1 for a fair hand hold: score B 6. Table C for 9 and 6 gives 10, plus 1 for the rapid, wide change of posture: REBA 11, very high. With a spring pallet lift and a turntable the same step scores 4, medium.
- Placing a case on the bottom layer: trunk over 60 degrees of flexion and twisted (5), neck in extension (2), knees bent 30 to 60 degrees (legs 2). Table A gives 7, plus 2 for the load: score A 9.
- Arms: upper arm 45 to 90 degrees (3), elbow under 60 degrees (2), wrist over 15 degrees (2). Table B gives 5, plus 1 for a fair hand hold: score B 6.
- Table C for 9 and 6 is 10, plus 1 for the rapid, wide change of posture: REBA 11, very high, action now. Picking the case from the conveyor with a twist scores 4.
- A spring pallet lift keeps the top layer at waist height and a turntable removes the twist. Both steps then score 4: trunk 2, neck 1, legs 1, Table A 2 plus 2 for the load, score B 2, Table C 4.
The worst step drops from 11 (very high, action level 4) to 4 (medium, action level 2). The 12 kg load still adds 2 to score A on every step, so the lift goes to the NIOSH lifting equation next.
Common mistakes
Scoring a convenient posture
REBA scores the posture you pick. Pick the worst, the most repeated and the longest held, from video, not the one that was easy to photograph.
Treating the score as a diagnosis
It is a screening score for one posture. It does not add up exposure over a shift, so a medium score on a posture held all day can matter more than a high one held for seconds.
Using REBA for fast, repetitive hand work
Activity adds at most 3 points, whatever the rate. For short-cycle hand and wrist work, use a method built for repetition as well.
Fixing the load with training
A lifting course leaves the 12 kg case and the floor-level pallet where they were. Change the height, the reach or the weight first.
Not rescoring after the change
Score the same step the same way after the change. A fix can move strain to the arms or the neck as easily as remove it.
Download the template
Free to use: print it, copy it and edit it for your team. Enter your name and work email once to download.
Run this template in LeanSuite
In LeanSuite the AI ergonomic study works from ordinary phone video: it maps 18 body joints on every frame, scores REBA or RULA, and flags the worst postures with suggested engineering controls.
See it in a 45-minute demoIn the lean glossary
FAQ
REBA worksheet (Rapid Entire Body Assessment): common questions
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- Environment and energy pillar 90-day model area planThirteen weeks from waste and energy maps to area standards on one model area, a KPI board, the day-90 gate and expansion waves.
- Focused improvement 90-day model area planThirteen weeks from the loss Pareto to standardized fixes on one model line, a KPI board, the day-90 gate and expansion waves.
- Logistics and customer service pillar 90-day model area planThirteen weeks from the current-state map to pull on one model value stream, a KPI board, the day-90 gate and expansion waves.
- People development pillar 90-day model area planThirteen weeks from the skills matrix to trained cover on critical tasks in one model area, a KPI board, the day-90 gate and expansion waves.
- Early equipment management 90-day model area planThirteen weeks from lessons on current machines to a tracked start-up on one model equipment project, a KPI board, the day-90 gate and expansion waves.
- Cost deployment pillar 90-day model area planThirteen weeks from the loss map to costed, ranked projects in one model area, a KPI board, the day-90 gate and expansion waves.
- Moving from Excel to one system checklistA 34-point checklist and a file inventory for moving trackers from spreadsheets to one system: keep, move, connect or retire, clean, pilot, run both, retire.
- Prioritization matrix templateScore up to 20 improvement ideas on weighted criteria, rank them, test the ranking with equal weights and place each one on an effort and benefit grid.
- Cost per unit worksheet (manufacturing cost per good unit)One product's cost per good unit by materials, labor, machine and overhead, the gap to target, and which cost lever is worth most a year.
- Digital manufacturing readiness assessmentScore 24 statements on process, technology and people from 0 to 4, check the balance between them and rank the gaps by what matters in your plant.
- Manufacturing KPI dashboard templateWeekly plant numbers in, 14 KPIs out: OEE and its parts, first pass yield, scrap, on-time delivery, recordable rate, cost and absence, each against a target.
- RCM worksheet (failure mode and task selection)Failure modes classed as hidden, safety, operational or non-operational, then a task chosen for each: condition-based, discard, failure-finding, redesign or run to failure.
- Error-proofing verification log (daily master-sample check)Each poka-yoke device proved every day or week with a known-bad sample, with missed checks counted and the hours and parts at risk worked out when one fails.
- Downtime reason codes template26 starter codes mapped to the six big losses, a log with drop-downs, a Pareto by code and by loss, and a code card for the line.
- Defect catalogue template with boundary samplesEvery defect with a definition, a class and the reason for it, measured accept and reject limits by zone, boundary samples, a defect log with DPU and Pareto, and an inspector agreement check.
- I-MR chart template (individuals and moving range)Up to 100 single readings with moving ranges, limits from a baseline, five run-rule flags, both charts, a second phase and a reaction log.
- Kaizen event preparation checklistEverything that has to be ready before a kaizen event and done after it: 44 items with owners and due dates from 6 weeks before day 1 to 30 days after, five go or no-go gates and a day-by-day agenda.
- Attribute control chart template (p, np, c and u charts)p, np, c and u charts in one workbook: a chart selector, a sample size check, limits for each subgroup, signal flags and four worked examples.
- Critical spare parts list and stocking levelsAssets ranked by consequence, each part classed and given a stocking policy, and min and max worked out from usage and lead time, with the downtime each stock-out would cost.
- Tier 2 meeting agenda and escalation sheetA 15-minute tier 2 agenda in ten timed blocks, fixed roles and rules, escalation triggers with time limits, and a log that ages every escalation and sends the answer back down.
- Mock recall template: traceability exercise worksheetTrace a finished lot back to every input lot and forward to every first customer, reconcile the quantities against a tolerance and time it against your target.
- ISO 9001 internal audit checklist (production area)46 audit questions for the production floor in 11 processes, each with its ISO 9001:2015 clause, what evidence to look for and the sample to take, plus five defined grades, a findings log, a finding report and a summary by clause.
- Plan for every part (PFEP) templateOne row per part: supplier, pack, container, usage, lead time and locations, with ABC classes, market and line kanban counts and a lineside space check.
- Food plant GMP inspection checklist (21 CFR 117 subpart B)55 checks in the order of 21 CFR 117 subpart B, each citing its paragraph and saying what to look at, with a grade, finding, owner and due date; results by section and grade, a walk route and a bakery example.
- Master sanitation schedule with pre-op verificationA master list of cleaning tasks by area and equipment with frequency, chemical, lockout, who and next due date, a weekly on-time count, and the pre-operational verification log with a release step.
- Changeover matrix templateA from-to matrix of changeover minutes with the clean each transition needs (allergen, colour, format), and a weekly planner that totals the order and suggests a shorter one.
- Measurement uncertainty budget templateA GUM uncertainty budget: Type A and B rows, divisors by distribution, sensitivity coefficients, uc, νeff, k from the t-table, U, TUR and a guard band check.
- Maintenance job plan templateOne job planned on one sheet: steps and craft hours, parts checked against stock, tools, lockout and permits, documents, a ready check for the schedule, and technician feedback.
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A shift handover sheet, a red tag log, a changeover checklist for one machine: if your team uses it on the floor, ask.